Bismillah ir Rahman ir Raheem
Ya Mecca, or Putting Islam in 3D
Alhumdulillah, I returned from my hajj trip on Monday and it was really an amazing experience in a lot of different ways. I have so many thoughts and experiences with regards to the whole thing that I could write pages and pages. So I summarized my immediate thoughts below
Praying in Masjid Al Haram
So of course, it’s amazing, awe-inspiring, and everything else. The crowd alone is impressive, you can stand on the 3rd floor and see the thousands of people making tawaaf (circambulating the Ka’aba) at any given time. You have to get to the masjid an hour in advance to be able to get a good spot on the first or second floor. 3rd floor is easier, but it still takes 10-15 minutes to navigate through the crowds outside the masjid and get in.
I found myself just gazing at the Ka’aba for long stretches of time, in awe of it, in awe that I was at the holiest site on Earth, and wondering why of the more than billion Muslims Allah had allowed or chosen me to come to this holy place. It truly truly was a blessing.
And in a way, with all the people from all over the world and the grandness of the mosque and ka’aba, you feel that this is a holy place and there is a divine presence. It’s also just amazing to think that you’ve heard all these stories about the Prophet and the Sahaba (companions) and their struggles and now you’re there, where it all happened, where Islam spread first.
'Arafah
I went to Jebel Rahmah and climbed it to the top on the day of 'Arafah. Like everywhere else, it was so sooo crowded. But despite the crowd, most people were somehow able to find a spot and just start making dua'a. People were sincerely making dua'a to Allah for hours thst day. And, as people say, it is like the Day of Judgment. Everyone dressed the same way, standing before their lord. Subhanallah
Muzdalifah
Muzdalifah is a big parking lot essentially. There is so little space there as well, bnarely enough room to sleep. Our group only stayed until 1 or 2AM, and me and a couple of other guys wanted to stay longer. So we slept there until about Fajr. We prayed Fajr there. We started walking towards Mina to stone but in between all the buses and cars on the road it was tough. So we jumped on top of a van for 10 riyals and slowly made our way to mina. On the way we saw so many different people from so many different countries walking to the jamaraat to go throw. Every country had their flag, Malaysians, Indonesians, Nigerians, Tunisians, Moroccans, Syrians, Pakistanis, Turks, Iranis. From all over the Muslim world you could see people in Ihram marching towards the jamaraat. It was interesting and inspirational at the same time. After stoning the jamaraat we made our way to Makkah in a Saudi SUV Taxi. We met some Saudis in the taxi who were such wonderful brothers, and they paid for our fare at the end even. It was one of those hajj moments. They paid for us, talked to us for a minute or so, and then disappeared.
Min ayna? Where from? Vous etes d’ou? Aap kahan sa hayn?
If there are two international cities on Earth it is definitely Mecca and Medina. New York, Cairo, no other place really compares to them. Everyone from everywhere is there. It seemed as though a lot of the shopkeepers and workers were from South Asia, particularly Bangladesh. I really think that you could live in Mecca and Medina for decades speaking Bangla and nothing else and get by very well. With every shopkeeper in Medina I would ask whether they wanted to speak in English, Urdu, or Arabic, and they all responded that it didn’t matter, they were equivalently fluent in all languages, at least for trade. So then I would ask them where they were from, and they would usually say from Bangladesh. It was a relief to use Urdu. Even though I’m not fluent in the language, it comes much easier to me than Arabic does.
I was in a bookstore in Medina, speaking to the Bengali worker behind the counter in a mix of Urdu, Arabic, and English. Then, an African woman walked in and started speaking with him in French! So I asked him how he knew all these languages, he just said that you have to in Madinah and that he had lived there for 12 years.
I even got to use my Bambara greetings that I picked up in Mali! I was sitting next to a Hajji (pilgrim) at Masjid al Haraam and noticed that he was wearing a Gran bou bou, like they do in Mali, so I asked him where he was from and then asked him in Bambara how he was, how his family was. Then he started speaking to me in French, and I realized how much French I had forgotten…..
So many people thought that I was South African, maybe because I had limited Arabic and limited Urdu, or maybe of because how I looked. Most people were ok with me being American, but there was one Pakistani in front of me who seemed a little disappointed when I told him I was from Pakistan. He seemed like he wanted me to be from South Africa.
Blessed Land
Driving from Madinah to Makkah you get a real feel for the Hijazi landscape. It’s just big mountains in the desert. And you get a feeling for the difficulty in traveling that people must have had at the time of the Prophet (PBUH), going between Makkah and Madinah. Our shaykh was telling us that they had done some sort of testing on the soil on the mountains and found that nothing could grow on it. So it was a real blessing that Makkah had the Ka’abah and that these cities were able to exist in what were very harsh conditions. And now, or course, there is the blessing of oil and oil money.
Crowd Control
This is one of the most testing parts of the entire experience. Simply put, the holy cities of Mecca and Madinah cannot hold the 2-4 million people that come for Hajj each year. In Mina and Muzdalifah there’s no roon to even walk, because there are so many people sleeping and living outside.
In general, credit has to be given to the Saudis for running a show that I don’t know if any other country could. The Hajj is an event unlike any other, with so many people in a very limited space (especially in Mina and Muzdalifah), all completing rituals at the same time. It’s not like the Olympics where people are spread out over the entire city and go to different events at different times. In this setting, 2-4 million people are all following the same path for the most part. So, of course, the traffic in Makkah is horrendous during Hajj, even with huge American-style highways and roads. There are so many logistical problems that have to be dealt with, but the Saudis have been doing this for quite a while and each year they change things to improve them. I really think that this might only be possible in such a wealthy country that puts such an importance on the 2 holy mosques and on the pilgrimage.
So yes, people sleep wherever they can, setting up tents everywhere, sleeping out in open air. They’re everywhere, outside Masjid Al Haram, in Mina around the Jamaraat, although I didn’t see anyone outside in Mina. A lot of the people outside are people who came for umrah and stayed for the hajj, or people from within Saudi Arabia. Most other people are with a group that is responsible for some sort of lodging.
The Americans that I was with had a lot of problems, that luckily (I guess), I didn’t have since I was a little more used to living in this part of the world. Walking for such a long distance in slippers was problematic for a lot of people. Furthermore, the biggest complaint that people pushed you in all the holy sites. It’s true, you would think that in the hajj people would be more civil, and the pushing is horrible, because at some points you can’t breathe, and you’re just surviving through the crush of the crowd. But the regular pushing through the crowd is something that I’m very accustomed to living in Egypt. In large crowds, in lines, people just push. It’s not even considered rude, it’s just the norm. And this is true in Pakistan even. It’s how people move. It’s not good, not by any means, but I was not as outraged as everyone else. That being said there are a lot of people that “push it to another level” as you might say, and for no reason it seems. People from some countries have a way of moving through a crowd whereby they all lock their arms, or form a caravan in a line and then push through the crowd so they can go to the center of the crowd (the Kaaba or the Jamaraat for example) and then move out as quickly as they came in. The problem is that, while it is the safest for them, it totally messes up the rest of the crowd and causes a very dangerous situation. In a way this is comparable to driving a Hummer. You might be safer if you employ this strategy, but you are endangering everyone else out there. The pushing is a big problem and tempers flare because of it. Even though it is the Hajj and we are not to lose our tempers, I saw fights almost break out on multiple occasions.
So all of these observations bring me to the tragic event on the 12th of January (12th of Dhul Hijjah as well), in which over 300 pilgrims were killed in a stampede
The Jamaraat
I’ve already mentioned a lot of the problems that led to this. Alhumdulillah my group threw stones in the morning after Fajr prayer and left. This is not exactly the way that the Prophet (PBUH) did it, but has been deemed permissible by many scholars (both in the traditional and outside of the traditional thought process).
So I was back in Mecca when this happened. What can I say. So much has been done to try to avoid this as it happens almost every year. The jamaraat used to be 3 obelisk type structures, now they’re basically very long walls so as to increase the area over which people can stone. There are 2 levels on which to stone. And there are warnings written everywhere both in Mecca and Mina, in every possible language. Written on glossy, big, posters, everywhere it says “Do not Bring Your Luggage to the Jamaraat”. On top of that it’s blared over the loudspeakers at the Jamaraat as well. The reason for this is obvious, if you bring your luggage and drop it, you might go down to pick it up or it creates a barrier over which people might trip, and this has happened so many times in the past. Once you fall in the crowd in the Jamaraat, the chances that you might get trampled are quite high.
So, the problem is that the 12th is one of the days that you can stone and go back to Mecca, and the Jamaraat are the closest point in Mina to Mecca. So people want to throw and go. They want to walk to Makka from the Jamaraat rather than going in the huge crowd for a couple of hours to stone, then walk back for 30 minutes to their camp, and then another few hours to Makka. So people disregarded the warnings and brought their luggage to the jamaraat, which was one huge part of the problem.
The other problem is that there are people who are sleeping everywhere, as I mentioned before. So they are sleeping and living around the jamaraat, and at the entrance to the bridge where the throngs of people are coming to throw their stones. Once the crowd swells to a certain level, these people can also be trampled very easily. They’re just to the side of the crowd, there’s no barrier or anything.
Another is this business of people interlocking their hands together to move through the crowd easier. This is irresponsible in this situation.
The authorities aren’t blameless though. The whole setup is a setting of controlled chaos. There are ambulances at the edges of the jamaraat waiting for things to happen. The police are also standing on the edges. There’s no control over the whole situation. I did once see the police come in to help a group of women stone the jamaraat, so it’s not like they can’t come in and exert some control. In general it seems as though they are more reactive and not proactive.
Finally, there was some talk in the news of luggage falling off of a bus right before the stampede right where the stampede took place. So, I’m not sure how a bus was in that location at that time in the first place, but I don’t see why it was.
Troubles of the Muslims
Makkah is an amazing place because it brings together Muslims from all over the world. People with only one bond, Islam, come together fo the sake of Allah. And it’s amazing, you can feel the brotherhood when speaking to other pilgrims. But Makkah is also the place where all the good and all the bad of the Muslim world come together. And so many of the problems of the Muslim world are obvious in Makkah. Overpopulation is one, and that’s obvious. Lack of education and lack of awareness of public safety is another major problem. Both of these problems contributed to the stampede at the jamaraat as I mentioned above.
Poverty. It’s obvious. People come from all over the world with nothing really and camp out in Makkah for a couple of weeks or longer. And the inequality in the Muslim world is also obvious. I was staying in hotels with air conditioning and provided food in Makkah and Madinah. In Mina I was staying in an upgraded tent and the food provided there was even better than the hotels. Our camp at ‘Arafah even was very nice. And when you look outside of the camp there are all the people sleeping on the floor with nothing. And there has to be security at the entrance of each of these camps keeping people out.
There are beggars everywhere in Makkah. Not so much in Madinah, but definitely in Makkah and throughout the entire Hajj. You get the feeling some people come to the hajj in order to beg. And the problem that exists in Pakistan of a “beggar mafia” which somehow gets people and chops off their arms or disfigures them so that they’ll be better beggars exists in Mecca as well. On the streets outside Masjid al Haram, there are African children, some missing limbs who are singing this song and begging. Their song starts with “Ya Baba…”. Then, on the last day I made umrah and I saw these same beggars in between safa and marwah while I was making sa’iy. Subhanallah.
My point is that the problems of the Muslim world stare you in the face in Makkah. We are a blessed people in that we have this wonderful brotherhood and we have the Hajj, and we have Islam. But we have so many problems. And wealthier Muslims cannot ignore the problems of less fortunate Muslims. First and foremost because we are brothers and sisters in Islam. But on a very practical level, we are all in this together, and if we ignore the plight of the poor, it will affect us as well. A prime example is the jamaraat. As long as people in Muslim countries are uneducated and don’t give priority to public safety, they will engage in irresponsible behavior. And this irresponsible behavior will lead to the death of even responsible people (for example: who heeded the warnings and did not bring their luggage) in the case of the jamaraat. Furthermore, the disease that is spread in the hajj is great, and part of the reason has to be that there are so many people living out on the streets in tents. So even the wealthier people in the hotels will get sick from this. And this is a worldwide lesson, not restricted to Muslims, that the lesser fortunate have to be taken care of, otherwise we will all pay for the consequences.
Annoying and shocking things during the hajj
1) The MOST annoying thing was the cell phones. People were making tawaaf around the ka’aba and talking on the phone saying in whichever language “Yes, I’m here in masjid al haram making tawaaf.” Or even on the day of ‘arafah, on top of jebel Rahmah, there are people who are talking on the phone. I heard this one humorous story of someone who was in masjid an nabawi and in front of the grave of the Prophet (PBUH) and was talking on the phone. This person was talking on the phone, and said, “I’m in front of the grave of the Prophet, why don’t you talk to him (or ask him for something)”. Then the person turned the phone towards the grave and extended it towards it! But I can’t believe that at prayers in the haram, cell phones were going off...
2) The pushing certainly was a difficulty
3) I can’t believe that people bring their 6 month old children to the hajj. That is a huge hazard that I am really surprised that they allow people to do. I was making tawaaf al ifaadah around the ka’abah and there was a young southeast asian girl (maybe she was 7 or 10 or so) in front of me who was on the verge of fainting throughout the entire thing and her father had to periodically pick her up by her back to make sure she didn’t fall down. So even for young children the crowds are a hazard
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